Banner

Is One Agent Enough? The Misconception of Accuracy in AI

Introduction

AI is widely used for document reading, data extraction and decision support. However, agents do not execute instructions like deterministic rule engines. They do not know the truth; they only generate predictions based on patterns. Expecting a single agent to always find the correct answer is unrealistic.

1. Why One Agent Is Not Enough

Document formats and quality vary greatly. OCR issues, misaligned tables and misinterpreted context lead to unreliable results.

2. Why Expecting Accuracy Is a Mistake

Agents are not deterministic and may misinterpret even clear instructions. Assuming correctness without knowing the truth introduces risk.

3. Multiple Agents Do Not Guarantee Accuracy

A multi-agent setup does not ensure truth but reveals uncertainty and improves reliability assessment.

4. When Uncertainty Appears

Instead of asking which value is correct, the question becomes which value provides stronger reliability signals such as position, format and context.

Short Example

Two methods extract different total amounts from the same report: 345,820.10 and 343,820.10. Without knowing the truth, focusing on the more reliable value becomes the rational choice.

Conclusion

One agent cannot determine the truth. Multiple agents highlight uncertainty. This shifts the system from accuracy-driven to reliability-driven decision making.


  • Koc University Delivers a Better Faculty and Student Experience
  • Scrum Guide Expansion Pack (2025): What Has Changed?
  • Is One Agent Enough? The Misconception of Accuracy in AI
  • Human-in-the-loop AI Uncertainty Management
  • The Misconception of Accuracy in AI
  • Reduce OpenAI Costs by 80%